Comments - Pakistan's Dietary Habits and Sugar Crisis - PakAlumni Worldwide: The Global Social Network 2024-03-29T04:38:05Zhttp://www.pakalumni.com/profiles/comment/feed?attachedTo=1119293%3ABlogPost%3A65675&xn_auth=noIn Pakistan, flood damage mea…tag:www.pakalumni.com,2023-08-06:1119293:Comment:4259292023-08-06T02:47:06.320ZRiaz Haqhttp://www.pakalumni.com/profile/riazul
<p><span>In Pakistan, flood damage meant 2022/23 cane sugar production reduced to 7.2 mln tonnes compared to 8.6 mln tonnes in 21/22. The area under cane remains consistent with last season, but reduced fertilisers prices could push 23/24 sugar production to 7.8 mln tonnes.…</span><br></br><br></br><br></br></p>
<p><span>In Pakistan, flood damage meant 2022/23 cane sugar production reduced to 7.2 mln tonnes compared to 8.6 mln tonnes in 21/22. The area under cane remains consistent with last season, but reduced fertilisers prices could push 23/24 sugar production to 7.8 mln tonnes.</span><br/><br/><br/><span><a href="https://www.ragus.co.uk/global-sugar-market-report-may-2023/#:~:text=In%20neighbouring%20Pakistan%2C%20flood%20damage,production%20to%207.8%20mln%20tonnes" target="_blank">https://www.ragus.co.uk/global-sugar-market-report-may-2023/#:~:text=In%20neighbouring%20Pakistan%2C%20flood%20damage,production%20to%207.8%20mln%20tonnes</a>.</span><br/><br/><span>Unpredictable rains in India and Pakistan squeeze cane production</span><br/><span>Estimates for India’s sugar production from the 2022/23 cane crop are below the decreased figure we estimated last October. The 35.6 mln tonnes we expect is much lower than the 39 mln tonnes produced in 21/22. Any further exports onto the global market this season seem unlikely, despite India having an export quota of 6 mln tonnes for the world market.</span><br/><br/><span>Despite an increased area under cane, low rainfall during the growing season and too much rain just before the harvest began resulted in lower cane yields. For the 2023/24 crop, the area under cane has increased again. If the monsoon rainfall is average, we expect India to produce 36.4 mln tonnes of sugar. However, that figure only holds if there are no major increases in cane juice or molasses diverted into ethanol production. In 22/23 the equivalent of 4.5 mln tonnes of sugar was used for ethanol production. In 23/24, we expect that figure to be 3.78 mln tonnes.</span><br/><br/><span>If an El Niño weather pattern develops, dry conditions would affect cane planting for the 24/25 crop. In neighbouring Pakistan, flood damage meant 2022/23 cane sugar production reduced to 7.2 mln tonnes compared to 8.6 mln tonnes in 21/22. The area under cane remains consistent with last season, but reduced fertilisers prices could push 23/24 sugar production to 7.8 mln tonnes.</span></p> Pakistan sugar production for…tag:www.pakalumni.com,2023-07-14:1119293:Comment:4254752023-07-14T23:06:02.554ZRiaz Haqhttp://www.pakalumni.com/profile/riazul
<p>Pakistan sugar production for 2023/24 is forecast to rise 250,000 tonnes to 7.1 million due to the recovery in sugarcane area harvested from the flood-damaged crop the year before.<br></br><br></br><a href="http://www.ukrsugar.com/en/post/pakistan-sugar-production-is-forecast-to-rise-250000-tonnes-usda" target="_blank">http://www.ukrsugar.com/en/post/pakistan-sugar-production-is-forecast-to-rise-250000-tonnes-usda</a><br></br><br></br>It is reported by USDA in its May report.…<br></br><br></br></p>
<p>Pakistan sugar production for 2023/24 is forecast to rise 250,000 tonnes to 7.1 million due to the recovery in sugarcane area harvested from the flood-damaged crop the year before.<br/><br/><a href="http://www.ukrsugar.com/en/post/pakistan-sugar-production-is-forecast-to-rise-250000-tonnes-usda" target="_blank">http://www.ukrsugar.com/en/post/pakistan-sugar-production-is-forecast-to-rise-250000-tonnes-usda</a><br/><br/>It is reported by USDA in its May report.<br/><br/><a href="https://apps.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/circulars/sugar.pdf" target="_blank">https://apps.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/circulars/sugar.pdf</a><br/><br/>Sugarcane production is forecast up 3 percent to 83.5 million tons due to the expected recovery in area. Favorable prices are encouraging farmers to maintain sugarcane area vis-à-vis planting other crops. Farmers’ preference toplant sugarcane is also due to the crop’s resiliency to weather hazards compared to alternative crops. Sugarcane is produced in three provinces, with Punjab accounting for 68 percent of total production, followed by Sindh with 24 percent, and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) with 8 percent. The Bahawalpur division of Punjab and the Sukkur division of Sindh account for more than half of the total sugarcane area. Sugarcane is planted in two different seasons: spring planting runs from February to March and the fall season is from September to October. Punjab and Sindh farmers plant sugarcane in both seasons, while most cane in KPK is planted in spring. Yields per hectare are relatively low due to lack of high yielding varieties, water shortages, and uneven fertilizer distribution.<br/><br/>Pakistan has been one of the top eight sugar producers for the past 3 years and is forecast to be the seventh largest exporter in 2023/24. Sugar consumption is estimated up 150,000 tons to 6.3 million supported by population growth and higher supplies. Despite the rise in production, sugar exports are forecast down 200,000 tons to 800,000 as the government seeks to curb exports. Fearing domestic price increases, the government is expected to be reluctant to approve too many exports this year by monitoring the market situation on a fortnightly basis to decide on the timing and quantity of exports. Stocks are expected to be flat.<br/><br/></p>
<p class="comment-timestamp"></p> Pakistan Economic Survey: Hea…tag:www.pakalumni.com,2022-06-10:1119293:Comment:4088022022-06-10T00:08:10.641ZRiaz Haqhttp://www.pakalumni.com/profile/riazul
<p><span>Pakistan Economic Survey: Health & Nutrition 2021-22</span><br></br><br></br><span><a href="https://www.finance.gov.pk/survey/chapter_22/PES11-HEALTH.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.finance.gov.pk/survey/chapter_22/PES11-HEALTH.pdf</a></span><br></br><br></br><span>Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) in Pakistan has declined to 54.2 deaths per 1,000 live births</span><br></br><span>in 2020 from 55.7 in 2019, while Neonatal Mortality Rate declined to 40.4 deaths per</span><br></br><span>1,000 live births in 2020…</span></p>
<p><span>Pakistan Economic Survey: Health & Nutrition 2021-22</span><br/><br/><span><a href="https://www.finance.gov.pk/survey/chapter_22/PES11-HEALTH.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.finance.gov.pk/survey/chapter_22/PES11-HEALTH.pdf</a></span><br/><br/><span>Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) in Pakistan has declined to 54.2 deaths per 1,000 live births</span><br/><span>in 2020 from 55.7 in 2019, while Neonatal Mortality Rate declined to 40.4 deaths per</span><br/><span>1,000 live births in 2020 from 41.2 in 2019. Percentage of birth attended by skilled</span><br/><span>health personnel increased to 69.3 percent in 2020 from 68 percent in 2019 (DHS & UNICEF). Maternal Mortality Ratio fell to 186 maternal deaths per 100,000 births in</span><br/><span>2020, from 189 in 2019 (Table 11.1).</span><br/><span>With a population growing at 2 percent per annum, Pakistan’s contraceptive prevalence</span><br/><span>rate in 2020 decreased to 33 percent from 34 percent in 2019 (Trading Economics).</span><br/><span>Pakistan’s tuberculosis incidence is 259 per 100,000 population and HIV prevalence rate</span><br/><span>is 0.12 per 1,000 population in 2020.</span><br/><br/><br/><span>Table 11.1: Health Indicators of Pakistan</span><br/><span>2019 2020</span><br/><span>Maternal Mortality Ratio (Per 100,000 Births)* 189 186</span><br/><span>Neonatal Mortality Rate (Per 1,000 Live Births) 41.2 40.4</span><br/><span>Mortality Rate, Infant (Per 1,000 Live Births) 55.7 54.2</span><br/><span>Under-5 Mortality Rate (Per 1,000) 67.3 65.2</span><br/><span>Incidence of Tuberculosis (Per 100,000 People) 263 259</span><br/><span>Incidence of HIV (Per 1,000 Uninfected Population) 0.12 0.12</span><br/><span>Life Expectancy at Birth, (Years) 67.3 67.4</span><br/><span>Births Attended By Skilled Health Staff (% of Total)** 68.0 (2015) 69.3 (2018)</span><br/><span>Contraceptive Prevalence, Any Methods (% of Women Ages 15-49) 34.0 33</span><br/><span>Source: WDI, UNICEF, Trading Economics & Our World in data</span><br/><span>-----------</span><br/><br/><span>Food and nutrition</span><br/><br/><span>Calories/day 2019-20 2457 2020-21 2786 2021-22 2735</span><br/><br/><span>-------</span><br/><br/><span>Table 11.9: Availability of Major Food Items per annum (Kg per capita)</span><br/><span>Food Items 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22 (P)**</span><br/><span>Cereals 139.9 170.8 164.7</span><br/><span>Pulses 7.8 7.6 7.3</span><br/><span>Sugar 23.3 28.5 28.3</span><br/><span>Milk (Liter) 168.7 171.8 168.8</span><br/><span>Meat (Beef, Mutton, Chicken) 22.0 22.9 22.5</span><br/><span>Fish 2.9 2.9 2.9</span><br/><span>Eggs (Dozen) 7.9 8.2 8.1</span><br/><span>Edible Oil/ Ghee 14.8 15.1 14.5</span><br/><span>Fruits & Vegetables 53.6 52.4 68.3</span><br/><span>Calories/day 2457 2786 2735</span><br/><span>Source: M/o PD&SI (Nutrition Section)</span></p> Edible oil: How double whammy…tag:www.pakalumni.com,2022-05-27:1119293:Comment:4082702022-05-27T03:46:07.449ZRiaz Haqhttp://www.pakalumni.com/profile/riazul
<p><span>Edible oil: How double whammy of price hike is frying consumers</span><br></br><br></br><br></br><a href="https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/957838-edible-oil-how-double-whammy-of-price-hike-is-frying-consumers" rel="noopener" target="_blank">https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/957838-edible-oil-how-double-whammy-of-price-hike-is-frying-consumers</a><br></br><br></br><span>During 2019, Pakistan imported 2.69 million tonnes of soybean and canola oilseed, valued at $1.10 billion. In addition to this, 2.55…</span></p>
<p><span>Edible oil: How double whammy of price hike is frying consumers</span><br/><br/><br/><a href="https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/957838-edible-oil-how-double-whammy-of-price-hike-is-frying-consumers" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/957838-edible-oil-how-double-whammy-of-price-hike-is-frying-consumers</a><br/><br/><span>During 2019, Pakistan imported 2.69 million tonnes of soybean and canola oilseed, valued at $1.10 billion. In addition to this, 2.55 million tonnes of palm oil and other byproducts were also imported during the same year, costing another $1.53 billion in the same year.</span><br/><br/><span>The import of oilseed swelled to 3.33 million tonnes in the 2021 calendar year with a price tag of $1.98 billion. Similarly, palm oil and other derivatives' imports during the same year ballooned to 2.98 million tonnes, costing $3.74 billion.</span><br/><br/><span>The ordeal of consumers because of the backbreaking inflation seems dying hard as prices are yet to peak, said market insiders. In the last couple of months of political instability alone, rupee has devalued to Rs193.70 or by 8.82 percent against dollar, which may further inflate the edible oil price by about Rs25/litre in the retail market in a fortnight or so.</span><br/><br/><span>The impact of recent three upward revisions in edible oil’s retail price is stated to be in addition to such cost escalation, according to market insiders.</span><br/><br/><span>Ban imposed by Indonesia on palm oil and other byproducts’ export, Ukraine-Russia war, and prolonged heatwave may also negatively contribute to the cost of edible oil, further straining the livelihoods of people in this part of the word.</span><br/><br/><span>In order to tame cooking oil prices, Pakistan needs to convert this crisis into an opportunity by incentivising cultivation of edible oil. Neighbouring India is doing the same and has succeeded in increasing domestic production.</span><br/><br/><span>It is a sheer lack of good governance that no specialised department exists in the public sector both at federal as well as provincial levels for the systematic promotion of oilseed crops in the country.</span><br/><br/><span>With Pakistan Oilseed Development Board’s (PODB) scope remaining drastically limited at national level and non-establishment of similar institutions at provincial levels following passage of 18th Amendment, all development work on edible oil sector came to a standstill.</span></p> Our total consumption of whea…tag:www.pakalumni.com,2022-05-22:1119293:Comment:4080802022-05-22T02:03:04.103ZRiaz Haqhttp://www.pakalumni.com/profile/riazul
<p>Our total consumption of wheat and atta is about 125kg per capita per year. Our per person per day calorie intake has risen from about 2,078 in 1949-50 to 2,400 in 2001-02 and 2,580 in 2020-21<br></br><br></br>By Riaz Riazuddin former deputy governor of the State Bank of Pakistan.<br></br><br></br><br></br><a href="https://www.dawn.com/news/1659441/consumption-habits-inflation" target="_blank">https://www.dawn.com/news/1659441/consumption-habits-inflation</a><br></br><br></br>As households move to upper-income…</p>
<p>Our total consumption of wheat and atta is about 125kg per capita per year. Our per person per day calorie intake has risen from about 2,078 in 1949-50 to 2,400 in 2001-02 and 2,580 in 2020-21<br/><br/>By Riaz Riazuddin former deputy governor of the State Bank of Pakistan.<br/><br/><br/><a href="https://www.dawn.com/news/1659441/consumption-habits-inflation" target="_blank">https://www.dawn.com/news/1659441/consumption-habits-inflation</a><br/><br/>As households move to upper-income brackets, the share of spending on food consumption falls. This is known as Engel’s law. Empirical proof of this relationship is visible in the falling share of food from about 48pc in 2001-02 for the average household. This is an obvious indication that the real incomes of households have risen steadily since then, and inflation has not eaten up the entire rise in nominal incomes. Inflation seldom outpaces the rise in nominal incomes.<br/><br/>Coming back to eating habits, our main food spending is on milk. Of the total spending on food, about 25pc was spent on milk (fresh, packed and dry) in 2018-19, up from nearly 17pc in 2001-01. This is a good sign as milk is the most nourishing of all food items. This behaviour (largest spending on milk) holds worldwide. The direct consumption of milk by our households was about seven kilograms per month, or 84kg per year. Total milk consumption per capita is much higher because we also eat ice cream, halwa, jalebi, gulab jamun and whatnot bought from the market. The milk used in them is consumed indirectly. Our total per person per year consumption of milk was 168kg in 2018-19. This has risen from about 150kg in 2000-01. It was 107kg in 1949-50 showing considerable improvement since then.<br/><br/>Since milk is the single largest contributor in expenditure, its contribution to inflation should be very high. Thanks to milk price behaviour, it is seldom in the news as opposed to sugar and wheat, whose price trend, besides hurting the poor is also exploited for gaining political mileage. According to PBS, milk prices have risen from Rs82.50 per litre in October 2018 to Rs104.32 in October 2021. This is a three-year rise of 26.4pc, or per annum rise of 8.1pc. Another blessing related to milk is that the year-to-year variation in its prices is much lower than that of other food items. The three-year rise in CPI is about 30pc, or an average of 9.7pc per year till last month. Clearly, milk prices have contributed to containing inflation to a single digit during this period.<br/><br/>Next to milk is wheat and atta which constitute about 11.2pc of the monthly food expenditure — less than half of milk. Wheat and atta are our staple food and their direct consumption by the average household is 7kg per capita (84kg per capita per year). As we also eat naan from the tandoors, bread from bakeries etc, our indirect consumption of wheat and atta is 41kg per capita. Our total consumption of wheat and atta is about 125kg per capita per year. Our per person per day calorie intake has risen from about 2,078 in 1949-50 to 2,400 in 2001-02 and 2,580 in 2020-21. The per capita per day protein intake in grams increased from 63 to 67 to about 75 during these years. Does this indicate better health? To answer this, let us look at how we devour ghee and sugar. Also remember that each person requires a minimum of 2,100 calories and 60g of protein per day.<br/><br/>Undoubtedly, ghee, cooking oil and sugar have a special place in our culture. We are familiar with Urdu idioms mentioning ghee and shakkar. Two relate to our eating habits. We greet good news by saying ‘Aap kay munh may ghee shakkar’, which literally means that may your mouth be filled with ghee and sugar. We envy the fortune of others by saying ‘Panchon oonglian ghee mei’ (all five fingers immersed in ghee, or having the best of both worlds). These sayings reflect not only our eating trends, but also the inflation burden of the rising prices of these three items — ghee, cooking oil and sugar. Recall any wedding dinner. Ghee is floating in our plates.</p>
<p class="comment-timestamp"></p> Pakistan to pursue tea planta…tag:www.pakalumni.com,2022-05-21:1119293:Comment:4081312022-05-21T19:55:26.484ZRiaz Haqhttp://www.pakalumni.com/profile/riazul
<p>Pakistan to pursue tea plantation on commercial scale<br></br>Plans to cultivate tea an area of about 25,000 acres over next five years<br></br><br></br><br></br><a href="https://tribune.com.pk/story/2314494/pakistan-to-pursue-tea-plantation-on-commercial-scale" target="_blank">https://tribune.com.pk/story/2314494/pakistan-to-pursue-tea-plantation-on-commercial-scale</a><br></br><br></br>While pursuing tea plantations on a commercial scale, the government of Pakistan has decided to cultivate tea on an area of about…</p>
<p>Pakistan to pursue tea plantation on commercial scale<br/>Plans to cultivate tea an area of about 25,000 acres over next five years<br/><br/><br/><a href="https://tribune.com.pk/story/2314494/pakistan-to-pursue-tea-plantation-on-commercial-scale" target="_blank">https://tribune.com.pk/story/2314494/pakistan-to-pursue-tea-plantation-on-commercial-scale</a><br/><br/>While pursuing tea plantations on a commercial scale, the government of Pakistan has decided to cultivate tea on an area of about 25,000 acres over the next five years.<br/><br/>“This year we are going to approve a project where we are growing tea on an area of 25,000 acres; we are creating history; we plan to complete the proposed tea plantations over the next five years,” said Special Assistant to Prime Minister on Food Security Jamshed Iqbal Cheema during his visit to the National Tea and High-Value Crops Research Institute (NTHRI) at Shinkiari, Mansehra.<br/><br/>On the recommendation of Chinese tea experts, the National Tea Research Institute (NTRI), later renamed as NTHRI, was set up on 50 acres of land in Shinkiari in 1986. NTHRI is playing a crucial role in promoting tea cultivation in the country.<br/><br/>Out of the proposed 25,000 acres of land, 10,000 are government-owned forests; 12,000 acres are private land where the Forest Department has planted forests while 3,000 acres of land have been identified in Azad Kashmir. During the next phase, the tea plantation would be extended to all tea-cultivable land of the country, as per the government plan.<br/><br/>Read Over 3m saplings to be planted in Pindi<br/><br/>Pakistan has great potential for growing tea, according to Cheema, as the country has 178,000 acres of tea cultivable land. “Pakistan can grow its own tea,” he said, adding that the country imported 30 million tonnes of tea each year from 15 different tea-producing countries.<br/><br/>Cheema said Pakistan spent Rs90 billion annually on importing tea. The import value of black tea is Rs89 billion while Rs1 billion goes to green tea’s import.<br/><br/>While inviting private tea companies to invest in the tea sector, Cheema said, “We are ready to facilitate and solve any problems of the private companies regarding their investment.” The government is providing an opportunity to the private companies to invest and to promote the tea trade, which would also create thousands of jobs for the locals. The Ministry of Food Security has allocated Rs8.5 billion budget for high-value crops and cluster development.<br/><br/>According to experts, China from the beginning has played a crucial role in tea promotion in Pakistan. As potential suitable sites and land for tea cultivation are located alongside the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), China has a big role to play in promoting tea on a commercial scale through joint ventures and technical and financial support.<br/><br/></p>
<p class="comment-timestamp"></p> Tea Imports by Countryby Dani…tag:www.pakalumni.com,2022-05-21:1119293:Comment:4081302022-05-21T19:02:32.683ZRiaz Haqhttp://www.pakalumni.com/profile/riazul
<p><span>Tea Imports by Country</span><br></br><span>by Daniel Workman</span><br></br><br></br><span><a href="https://www.worldstopexports.com/tea-imports-by-country/" target="_blank">https://www.worldstopexports.com/tea-imports-by-country/</a></span><br></br><br></br><span>Global purchases of imported tea totaled US$6.7 billion in 2020.</span><br></br><br></br><span>The overall value of tea imported by all buyer countries shrank by an average -2.1% since 2016 when tea purchases cost $6.8 billion. From 2019 to 2020, the…</span></p>
<p><span>Tea Imports by Country</span><br/><span>by Daniel Workman</span><br/><br/><span><a href="https://www.worldstopexports.com/tea-imports-by-country/" target="_blank">https://www.worldstopexports.com/tea-imports-by-country/</a></span><br/><br/><span>Global purchases of imported tea totaled US$6.7 billion in 2020.</span><br/><br/><span>The overall value of tea imported by all buyer countries shrank by an average -2.1% since 2016 when tea purchases cost $6.8 billion. From 2019 to 2020, the total dollar amount for imported tea slipped by -5.5% from 2019 to 2020.</span><br/><br/><span>The 5 most valuable import markets for tea (Pakistan, United States, Russia, United Kingdom, Saudi Arabia) accounted for almost a third (31.1%) of the worldwide sales of imported tea in 2020.</span><br/><br/><span>From a continental perspective, Asian countries bought the most imported tea during 2020 with purchases costing $2.9 billion or 43.7% of the worldwide total. In second place were European countries at 29.3% while 14.4% of all tea imports were delivered to customers in Africa.</span><br/><br/><span>Smaller percentages went to North America (9.1%), Oceania (2%) led by Australia and New Zealand, and Latin America (1.5%) excluding Mexico.</span><br/><br/><span>For research purposes, the 4-digit Harmonized Tariff System code prefix for tea is 0902.</span><br/><span>Tea Imports by Country</span><br/><br/><span>Below are the 15 countries that imported the highest dollar value worth of tea during 2020.</span><br/><span>Pakistan: US$589.8 million (8.9% of total imported tea)</span><br/><span>United States: $473.8 million (7.1%)</span><br/><span>Russia: $412.2 million (6.2%)</span><br/><span>United Kingdom: $348.7 million (5.2%)</span><br/><span>Saudi Arabia: $243.6 million (3.7%)</span><br/><span>Iran: $236.3 million (3.5%)</span><br/><span>Hong Kong: $221.8 million (3.3%)</span><br/><span>Morocco: $202.3 million (3%)</span><br/><span>Egypt: $197.2 million (3%)</span><br/><span>Germany: $195 million (2.9%)</span><br/><span>China: $180 million (2.7%)</span><br/><span>France: $168.1 million (2.5%)</span><br/><span>United Arab Emirates: $164.9 million (2.5%)</span><br/><span>Japan: $156.6 million (2.4%)</span><br/><span>Iraq: $134.7 million (2%)</span><br/><span>Among the above countries, 4 markets for tea imports grew since 2019 namely: Hong Kong (up 19%), Pakistan (up 18.7%), Saudi Arabia (up 2.9%) and France (up 0.7%).</span><br/><br/><span>Those countries that posted declines in their imported tea purchases were led by: Iran (down -39.9%), Egypt (down -28.7%), Iraq (down -23%) and United Arab Emirates (down -21.7%).</span><br/><br/><span>By value, the listed 15 countries purchased 58.9% of all tea imported in 2020.</span></p> Palm Oil Imports by Countryby…tag:www.pakalumni.com,2022-05-21:1119293:Comment:4080732022-05-21T19:02:06.046ZRiaz Haqhttp://www.pakalumni.com/profile/riazul
<p>Palm Oil Imports by Country<br></br>by Daniel Workman<br></br><br></br><a href="https://www.worldstopexports.com/palm-oil-imports-by-country/" target="_blank">https://www.worldstopexports.com/palm-oil-imports-by-country/</a><br></br><br></br>International purchases of imported palm oil cost an estimated total US$33.8 billion in 2020.<br></br><br></br>Overall, the value of palm oil imports increased by 19% for all importing countries since 2016 when international purchases of palm oil cost $28.4 billion. From 2019 to…</p>
<p>Palm Oil Imports by Country<br/>by Daniel Workman<br/><br/><a href="https://www.worldstopexports.com/palm-oil-imports-by-country/" target="_blank">https://www.worldstopexports.com/palm-oil-imports-by-country/</a><br/><br/>International purchases of imported palm oil cost an estimated total US$33.8 billion in 2020.<br/><br/>Overall, the value of palm oil imports increased by 19% for all importing countries since 2016 when international purchases of palm oil cost $28.4 billion. From 2019 to 2020, globally imported palm oil appreciated 12%.<br/><br/>An edible vegetable oil, palm oil is derived from the reddish pulp of oil palm plant fruit. Palm oil is a highly saturated vegetable fat used for lower-cost cooking, blending into mayonnaise and as a butter substitute. Palm oil is also an ingredient for biodiesel fuels.<br/><br/>The 5 biggest importers of palm oil (India, China, Pakistan, Netherlands, Spain) bought 43.2% of total palm oil purchased via international markets in 2020.<br/><br/>From a continental perspective, Asian countries imported the highest dollar worth of palm oil during 2020 with purchases valued at $17.7 billion or over half (52.3%) of the global total. In second place were European importers at 24.8% while a fast-growing 15.7% of palm oil imported worldwide was delivered to Africa.<br/><br/>Smaller percentages went to customers in North America (4.3%), Latin America (2.5%) excluding Mexico but including the Caribbean, and Oceania (0.3%) led by Australia and New Zealand.<br/><br/>For research purposes, the 4-digit Harmonized Tariff System code prefix is 1515 for palm oil and its refractions, whether or not refined.<br/><br/>India: US$5.1 billion (15.1% of total imported palm oil)<br/>China: $4.1 billion (12.2%)<br/>Pakistan: $2.1 billion (6.2%)<br/>Netherlands: $1.9 billion (5.5%)<br/>Spain: $1.4 billion (4.1%)<br/>Italy: $1.2 billion (3.7%)<br/>United States: $1.1 billion (3.2%)<br/>Bangladesh: $896.9 million (2.7%)<br/>Kenya: $829.6 million (2.5%)<br/>Russia: $793.2 million (2.3%)<br/>Egypt: $732.5 million (2.2%)<br/>Vietnam: $694.7 million (2.1%)<br/>Malaysia: $657.1 million (1.9%)<br/>Myanmar: $645.3 million (1.9%)<br/>Germany: $599.1 million (1.8%)<br/>Among the above countries, the fastest-growing markets for palm oil since 2019 were: Myanmar (up 660.4%), Kenya (up 59.2%), Vietnam (up 30.8%) and Italy (up 20.2%).<br/><br/>Only one top country posted a decline in its imported palm oil purchases namely India thanks to its -5.4% drop.<br/><br/>By value, the listed 15 countries purchased 67.4% of all palm oil imported in 2020.</p>
<p class="comment-timestamp"></p> UNDP: Elite privilege consume…tag:www.pakalumni.com,2021-04-13:1119293:Comment:3998882021-04-13T20:09:06.297ZRiaz Haqhttp://www.pakalumni.com/profile/riazul
<p><span>UNDP: Elite privilege consumes $17.4bn of #Pakistan’s #economy. Top beneficiaries are corporate sector (tax breaks, cheap input prices, higher output prices, access to capital, land) – 2nd & 3rd biggest recipients of privilege are richest feudal landlords <a href="https://aje.io/dvkng" target="_blank">https://aje.io/dvkng</a></span><br></br><br></br><span>The UNDP’s Wignaraja noted that this creates a paradox where those responsible for doling out the privileges were also those who were…</span></p>
<p><span>UNDP: Elite privilege consumes $17.4bn of #Pakistan’s #economy. Top beneficiaries are corporate sector (tax breaks, cheap input prices, higher output prices, access to capital, land) – 2nd & 3rd biggest recipients of privilege are richest feudal landlords <a href="https://aje.io/dvkng" target="_blank">https://aje.io/dvkng</a></span><br/><br/><span>The UNDP’s Wignaraja noted that this creates a paradox where those responsible for doling out the privileges were also those who were receiving them.</span><br/><br/><span>----------------</span><br/><span>The biggest beneficiary of the privileges – which may take the form of tax breaks, cheap input prices, higher output prices or preferential access to capital, land and services – was found to be the country’s corporate sector, which accrued an estimated $4.7bn in privileges, the report says.</span><br/><br/><span>The second and third-highest recipients of privileges were found to be the country’s richest 1 percent, who collectively own 9 percent of the country’s overall income, and the feudal land-owning class, which constitutes 1.1 percent of the population but owns 22 percent of all arable farmland.</span><br/><br/><span>Both classes have strong representation in the Pakistani Parliament, with most major political parties’ candidates’ drawn from either the feudal landowning class or the country’s business-owning elite.</span><br/><span>----------</span><br/><br/><span>Economic privileges accorded to Pakistan’s elite groups, including the corporate sector, feudal landlords, the political class and the country’s powerful military, add up to an estimated $17.4bn, or roughly 6 percent of the country’s economy, a new United Nations report has found.</span><br/><br/><span>Released last week, the UN Development Programme’s (UNDP) National Human Development Report (NHDR) for Pakistan focuses on issues of inequality in the South Asian country of 220 million people.</span><br/><br/><span>The report uses the prism of “Power, People and Policy” to examine the stark income and economic opportunity disparities in the developing country.</span><br/><br/><span>“Powerful groups use their privilege to capture more than their fair share, people perpetuate structural discrimination through prejudice against others based on social characteristics, and policies are often unsuccessful at addressing the resulting inequity, or may even contribute to it,” says the report.</span><br/><br/><span>Kanni Wignaraja, assistant secretary-general and regional chief of the UNDP has been on a two-week “virtual tour” of Pakistan to discuss the report’s findings, holding talks with Prime Minister Imran Khan and other top members of his cabinet, including the ministers of foreign affairs and planning.</span><br/><br/><span>She says Pakistani leaders have taken the findings of the report “right on” and pledged to focus on prescriptive action.</span><br/><br/><br/><span>“[In our remarks in meetings] we focused right in on where […] the shadows are, and what is it that actually diverts from a reform agenda in a country,” she told Al Jazeera in an exclusive interview.</span><br/><br/><span>“My hope is that there is strong intent to review things like the current tax and subsidy policies, to look at land and capital access.”</span><br/><br/><span>----------------------</span><br/><br/><span>The country’s powerful military, which has directly ruled Pakistan for roughly half of its 74-year history, was found to receive $1.7bn in privileges, mainly in the form of preferential access to land, capital and infrastructure, as well as tax exemptions.</span><br/><span>The report noted, however, that Pakistan’s military is also “the largest conglomerate of business entities in Pakistan, besides being the country’s biggest urban real estate developer and manager, with wide-ranging involvement in the construction of public projects”.</span><br/><br/><span>“These things are not neatly separate entities,” said Wignaraja. “You do see some of… these are overlapping so you almost get a double privilege by the military. The minute in a country the military is a part of big business, it obviously doubles the issue and the problem.”</span><br/><br/><span>In a country like Pakistan, where the military continues to hold power over many aspects of governance, she warned that it would take “almost a social movement” to displace structures of power that were so entrenched.</span></p> #SugarInquiryReport: Major #P…tag:www.pakalumni.com,2020-05-22:1119293:Comment:2485592020-05-22T00:01:04.100ZRiaz Haqhttp://www.pakalumni.com/profile/riazul
<p><span>#SugarInquiryReport: Major #Pakistan #sugar mills underreported sales, committed fraud. Culprits include top sugar-mill-owning political families: #PMLN(Salman Shahbaz Sharif), #PMLQ (Moonis Elahi) , #PPP (Zardari) , #PTI (Jahangir Tareen). #democracy <a href="https://www.dawn.com/news/1558734" target="_blank">https://www.dawn.com/news/1558734</a></span><br></br><br></br><span>Information Minister Shibli Faraz and Special Assistant to the Prime Minister (SAPM) on Accountability Shehzad Akbar…</span></p>
<p><span>#SugarInquiryReport: Major #Pakistan #sugar mills underreported sales, committed fraud. Culprits include top sugar-mill-owning political families: #PMLN(Salman Shahbaz Sharif), #PMLQ (Moonis Elahi) , #PPP (Zardari) , #PTI (Jahangir Tareen). #democracy <a href="https://www.dawn.com/news/1558734" target="_blank">https://www.dawn.com/news/1558734</a></span><br/><br/><span>Information Minister Shibli Faraz and Special Assistant to the Prime Minister (SAPM) on Accountability Shehzad Akbar on Thursday revealed details from a report issued by the Sugar Forensic Commission (SFC) constituted to investigate and assign responsibility for the shortage and price hike of the commodity in the country in recent times.</span><br/><br/><span>Addressing a press conference in Islamabad alongside the information minister, Akbar said the commission's report, which had already been discussed by the federal cabinet earlier today, revealed that six major sugar mill groups were acting as "cartels".</span><br/><br/><span>"They hold 51 per cent of the total supply," he added.</span><br/><br/><span>"A mill called Alliance from Rahim Yar Khan — partially owned by Pakistan Muslim League Quaid (PML-Q) senior leader Moonis Elahi — was audited. It showed that between 2014 to 2018, farmers faced an 11-14pc systematic cut, which translated into Rs970 million and was a huge blow to them," Akbar said.</span><br/><br/><span>He added that the mill under-reported sugar sales "for years" and sold the commodity to unnamed buyers and had committed violations under the Pakistan Penal Code.</span><br/><br/><span>Akbar also mentioned the JDW sugar mill in which PTI stalwart Jahangir Tareen has a 21pc stake. He said according to the report, the mill committed "double booking, under-reporting and over-invoicing".</span><br/><br/><span>"The report noted that the mill [JDW] under-invoiced sales from bagasse and molasses which resulted in 25pc cost inflation. They also committed corporate fraud whereby money was transferred from their PLC to their private company.</span><br/><br/><span>"Forward sales, satta, unnamed sales have all been associated with JDW too."</span><br/><br/><span>The Al Arabiya mill owned by Salman Shahbaz Sharif was also audited, the SAPM said, adding that it was found to have committed fraud worth Rs400m through informal receipts and market manipulation.</span><br/><br/><span>Akbar said the report had proven what PM Imran Khan had always maintained.</span><br/><br/><span>"Whenever a businessman comes into politics, he will always do business even at the expense of the poor. So his [PM's] thinking has been validated. A certain business community has captured the market and as a result, people are suffering," he said.</span><br/><br/><span>He added that the report will be available online shortly for anyone to read following the prime minister's orders.</span><br/><br/><span>Akbar said that the report revealed that certain sugar mills also used informal receipts. "It was ultimately the farmer who was crushed because there was no official record. The mill owners showed the price of production as more than the support price which meant that farmers earned less."</span><br/><br/><span>He added that mill owners also engaged in informal banking with the farmers, which hurt the latter because it was an unregulated process. "This gave the mill owners a profit of up to 35pc," he said.</span><br/><br/><span>Akbar said it was the first time that an "independent inquiry" had been conducted into the cost of production. "In 2017-18, sugar mills determined the cost of production at Rs51 per kilo whereas the report gave an estimate of Rs38 instead," he said.</span><br/><br/><span>"In 2018-19, sugar mills calculated cost price at Rs52.60 while the report gave an estimate of Rs40. [The sugar mill owners] purchased sugarcane at a lower price but showed a higher price in the invoices," he said.</span><br/><br/><span>The SAPM said the report also pointed out that the sucrose content as shown by Pakistani mill owners (9.5pc to 10.5pc) was less than the international standard.</span></p>