Retail Investor Growth Driving Pakistan's Bull Market

Pakistan's benchmark index KSE-100 has soared nearly 40% so far in 2025, becoming Asia's best performing market, thanks largely to phenomenal growth of retail investors. About 36,000 new trading accounts in the South Asian country were opened in the September quarter, compared to 23,600 new registrations just three months ago, according to Topline Securities, a brokerage house in Pakistan.  Broad and deep participation in capital markets is essential for economic growth and wealth distribution in any country. 

Pakistan's KSE-100 Index Chart. Source: Bloomberg

Increase in trading accounts is helping inflows into local equity mutual funds as well. As much as 16% of total assets managed by asset management companies is now invested in stocks at the end of September, up from 9% at the start of the year, according to data from the Mutual Funds Association of Pakistan, as recently reported by Bloomberg

Pakistan Investment Accounts Growth. Source: Bloomberg

Massive growth in retail investors is being enabled by increasing digital penetration in Pakistan. The country now boasts 152 million broadband subscribers, bringing the digital penetration to 61.1% as of October 2025, according to the Pakistan Telecommunications Authority (PTA).  Pakistan ranks among the world's top 10 nations in terms of Internet and smartphone users. Most of the brokerage houses now offer online trading accounts and mobile apps for retail investors. 

Pakistan Telecommunications Indicators. Source: PTA

KSE-100 companies profitability has grown over 13% in 2025. Stocks in the KSE-100 index have an average dividend yield of approximately 5.81% to 5.9%, with a historical average closer to 6.11%. The current yield is considered attractive, especially when compared to its 15-year average price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio of 8.59x, which is a significant discount to other emerging markets which are currently trading at a P/E ratio of 15.86x

Sharp Drop in Pakistan's Debt Default Risk. Source: Bloomberg

Pakistan’s debt default risk has seen a sharp drop as the country’s economy has stabilized under an IMF program. The nation's GDP for the April-June period grew at 5.66%, higher than the 3.1% expansion predicted by economists in a Bloomberg survey.  The large scale manufacturing (LSM) sector saw 4.08% growth in the first quarter of the current fiscal year. 

Pakistan is experiencing rapid growth in Fintech (financial technology) applications. The country's journey to build a digital public infrastructure (DPI) began in March 2000 with the establishment of NADRA, the National Database and Registration Authority. The Gates Foundation defines DPI as follows: "DPI is a digital network that enables countries to safely and efficiently deliver economic opportunities and social services to all residents. DPI can be compared to roads, which form a physical network that connects people and provides access to a huge range of goods and services...... strong DPI has three foundational systems—identity, payments, and data exchange—that together can make life easier in important ways".

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  • Riaz Haq

    Raqami Bank to Launch in Pakistan With $100m Investment Plan

    https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2026-01-22/raqami-bank-set-...


    Pakistani financial firm Raqami Islamic Digital Bank plans to invest $100 million over the next five years as it gears up to start operations next month.

    The Karachi-based lender, which is backed by the Kuwait Investment Authority sovereign wealth fund, has completed its pilot phase and will start commercial operations in February, according to Chief Executive Officer Umair Aijaz. The digital bank aims to attract at least a million customers within three years with a focus on small commercial lending.

    “We are very excited to explore this opportunity of a digital bank in the small- and medium-sized enterprise space,” Aijaz said in an interview in Karachi Wednesday. “Globally, it has already picked up with a lot of traction.”

    Pakistan is seeing a new wave in its financial sector after the central bank granted licenses to five new digital banks in 2023. The liberalization drive pits lenders with overseas backing, such as Telenor ASA’s Easy Paisa and the United Arab Emirates’ Mashreqbank PSC, which has already started operations, against local lenders Hugo Bank and Buraq Bank Pakistan. The lenders will initially operate under certain limitations but will be eligible to upgrade to a fully fledged digital bank license in three years that will allow them to do corporate banking.

    Raqami intends to invest most of the planned $100 million in people, technology and information security. It has already spent 8 billion rupees ($28.6 million) to bring it to the launch phase. The bank will focus on lending to small- and medium-sized enterprises, independent entrepreneurs and others segments that find it difficult to get loans, said Aijaz. The bank plans to break even in four years.

    Kuwait’s sovereign wealth fund owns a stake in one of Pakistan’s largest lenders, Meezan Bank Ltd. and Raqami through Pakistan Kuwait Investment Co.

  • Riaz Haq

    73% of foreign firms in Pakistan see it as a viable investment destination — survey

    OICCI survey highlights improved investor optimism since 2023, when it stood at 61%
    Regulatory unpredictability, high costs continue to keep foreign investors cautious

    https://www.arabnews.com/node/2630395/pakistan

    ISLAMABAD: Seventy-three percent of overseas investors operating in Pakistan now recommend the country as a viable destination for direct investment, up from 61% in 2023, according to a survey of more than 200 multinational companies released on Friday, signaling a measurable improvement in investor sentiment following Pakistan’s 2022–23 foreign exchange crisis.

    The 2025 Perception and Investment Survey, conducted by the Overseas Investors Chamber of Commerce and Industry (OICCI), which represents multinational firms in the country, found that improving macroeconomic indicators and recent policy reforms have begun to restore confidence, though investors remain cautious about regulatory unpredictability and rising business costs.

    “The 2025 Perception and Investment Survey ... provides a cautiously optimistic snapshot of investor sentiment in

    Pakistan,” the report said, noting that “improvements in macroeconomic indicators and recent policy reform initiatives have begun to rebuild confidence among foreign investors.”

    The survey pointed to relative exchange-rate stability after a period of steep rupee depreciation, alongside credit rating upgrades by international agencies.

    “73% of OICCI members now recommend Pakistan as a viable FDI destination, compared to 61 percent two years earlier,” it added.

    Despite the improved macro picture, the survey warned that structural and regulatory challenges continue to weigh on investment decisions.

    “The broader regulatory landscape remains complex and unpredictable,” it said, highlighting delays in tax refunds, inconsistent enforcement and weak coordination between federal and provincial authorities.

    Foreign direct investment, while showing some positive movement, “remains concentrated in cautious brackets,” with most investors opting for modest commitments despite a decline in the proportion of firms planning no future investment.

    Rising costs were a major concern, with nearly all respondents reporting increases in energy prices, wages and raw material costs. Political instability, sudden regulatory changes and an unclear fiscal roadmap were listed among the top investor apprehensions.

    The survey warned that despite the positive outlook among multinationals operating in Pakistan, international perception of the country has improved only marginally, adding that “negative global coverage continues to influence investment decisions significantly,” and underscoring the need for a more proactive international communication strategy.

  • Riaz Haq

    VEON Ltd's JazzCash Introduces Government Treasury Bills in Pakistan, Opening Investment Access to Millions | Quiver Quantitative

    Quiver AI Summary

    VEON Ltd has announced a significant development in Pakistan's investment landscape by enabling users of its JazzCash app to invest in Government Treasury Bills starting from PKR 5,000 (about USD 18). This initiative, which aims to attract one million active investors, is a collaboration with the State Bank of Pakistan and the Ministry of Finance, making Treasury Bills accessible to JazzCash’s 60 million registered customers without the need for traditional banking channels. The move reflects a growing interest in investment among Pakistanis, particularly among younger generations, and positions JazzCash as a leading digital investment platform in an emerging market context. Key figures from VEON and the Pakistani government emphasized the importance of financial inclusion and expanding access to formal financial markets through such digital innovations.

    Potential Positives

    • VEON's JazzCash and Mobilink Bank initiative makes government treasury bills accessible to a wider audience in Pakistan, targeting one million active investors and thereby enhancing financial inclusion.
    • The launch positions JazzCash as a significant player in the digital investment sector, capitalizing on its large user base of 60 million customers.
    • This collaboration with the State Bank of Pakistan and the Ministry of Finance underscores VEON's commitment to supporting Pakistan’s economic growth and financial market development.
    • The introduction of a government-backed investment product in a widely-used app demonstrates innovation in financial services, potentially attracting more users and increasing transaction volumes.

    Potential Negatives

    • The introduction of Government Treasury Bills through the JazzCash app may raise concerns regarding the security and regulatory compliance of the platform, leaving some investors wary about potential risks associated with digital investment products.
    • The initiative may face skepticism from traditional financial institutions, which could impact VEON's relationship with banks and financial entities in Pakistan, potentially limiting collaboration opportunities in the future.
    • While targeting one million active investors is ambitious, if this goal is not met, it may reflect negatively on VEON's execution abilities and market reach in Pakistan.