Pakistan is the Second Biggest Source of Foreign Doctors in US and UK

When US Ambassador Richard Holbrooke suffered a massive heart attack in 2010, the doctors who responded to this emergency were both foreign: one from India and the other from Pakistan. Dr. Farzad Najam, a graduate of King Edward Medical College in Lahore, was the chief heart surgeon at George Washington University Hospital at the time. Dr. Monica Mukherjee, a junior cardiologist at the hospital, assisted Dr. Najam in the operating theater. This episode illustrates the high profile presence of South Asian doctors in the United States. 

Doctor Brain Drain. Source: Statista

More recently, Dr. Mansoor Mohiuddin, a 1989 graduate of Karachi's Dow Medical College, made global headlines when he implanted a pig heart in a patient at University of Maryland School of Medicine. Considered one of the world’s foremost experts on transplanting animal organs, known as xenotransplantation, Muhammad M. Mohiuddin, MD, Professor of Surgery at UMSOM, joined the UMSOM faculty five years ago and established the Cardiac Xenotransplantation Program with Dr. Griffith. Dr. Mohiuddin serves as the program’s Scientific/Program Director and Dr. Griffith as its Clinical Director.    

Top Countries of Origin of Foreign Doctors in the US. Source: OECD

The pervasive presence of South Asian doctors in the United States is confirmed by OECD (Organization for Cooperation and Development) statistics on foreign doctors in OECD member nations. While India has remained the top source of foreign doctors since 2013, Pakistan has moved up from third to second spot in this period.  As of 2016, there were  45,830 Indian doctors  and 12,454 Pakistani doctors among 215,630 foreign doctors in the United States. India (45,830) and Pakistan (12,454) are followed by Grenada (10,789), Philippines (10,217),  Dominica (9,974), Mexico (9,923), Canada (7,765), Dominican Republic (6,269), China (5,772), UAE (4,635) and Egypt (4,379). 

In percentage terms, 21% of foreign doctors come from India, 6% from Pakistan, 5% each from Grenada, Philippines and Dominica and 4% from Mexico.

Pie Chart of Origins of Foreign Medical Graduates in US. Source: OECD

Many of these "foreign doctors" are US citizens, born and raised in the United States, who travel abroad to study at foreign medical schools. Their reasons vary from ease of admissions to lower costs. This is particularly true of the medical schools  in the Caribbean nations.  

Many Caribbean nations have established medical schools to especially cater to the demand from the United States. In 2007, Pakistan, too, set up Dow International Medical College as part of Dow University of Health Science (DUHS). 

Indians and Pakistanis also make up the top two nationalities among 66,211 foreign doctors in the United Kingdom. There are 18,953 doctors from India, 8,026 from Pakistan, 4.880 from Nigeria and 4,471 from Egypt in the UK.

The list of 25,400 foreign doctors in Canada is topped by South Africans (2,604) followed by Indians (2,127), Irish (1,942), British (1,923), Americans (1,263) and Pakistanis (1,087). 

There are 25,607 Pakistani medical school graduates currently working in all of the OECD member countries which are considered the rich industrialized nations. These Pakistani doctors account for 10.6% of 242,000 Pakistan-trained doctors practicing now. 74,455 Indian doctors working in OECD nations make up 7.3% of about 1,020,000 of all India-trained doctors in practice. 

In spite of losing 10.6% of its doctors to "brain drain" compared to India's 7.3%, Pakistan still has more doctors per capita (1.1 per 1000 population) than India (0.7 doctors per 1000 population), according to the World Bank.  Pakistani medical colleges admit 16,000 students a year compared to 92,000 in India.

As the populations age and demand for medical services grows in the West, more and more of it is being met by recruiting health care workers, including doctors and nurses, from the developing world. 

Related Links:

Haq's Musings

South Asia Investor Review

Pakistani-American Health Professional Featured in Netflix Document...

Pakistan is the 3rd Largest Source of Foreign Doctors in America

Pakistani-Americans Largest Foreign-Born Muslim Group in Silicon Va...

Racial Slurs Hurled at Pakistani-American Doctor in St. Louis, Miss...

Islamophobia in America

Silicon Valley Pakistani-Americans

Pakistani-American Leads Silicon Valley's Top Incubator

Silicon Valley Pakistanis Enabling 2nd Machine Revolution

Pakistani-American Surgeon Implants Pig Heart in Human

Pakistani-American Ashar Aziz's Fire-eye Goes Public

Pakistani-American Doctor Honored By President Obama

Pakistani-American's Game-Changing Vision 

Minorities Are Majority in Silicon Valley 

Over A Million Pakistani University Students Enrolled in STEM Fields

Views: 483

Comment by Riaz Haq 23 hours ago

Sheikh is one of the first female transplant surgeons from Pakistan

University of Alabama at Birmingham Assistant Professor Saulat Sajjad Sheikh, MBBS Division of Transplantation is one of the first female transplant surgeons from her originating country, Pakistan.

Sheikh attended medical school at the Aga Khan University in Karachi, Pakistan, where she was conferred the “Best Graduate” award. She subsequently completed her general surgery residency at York Hospital, York, Pennsylvania. Sheikh graduated from UAB’s Abdominal Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery Fellowship in 2020.

During her residency, Sheikh considered specializing in gastrointestinal surgery; but after experiencing the gratification of changing an individual’s life by successfully transplanting a kidney or liver, abdominal transplant surgery was her new goal. Curing end-stage organ disease and offering a renewed chance at life for a patient became a passion for Sheikh.

Sheikh had several barriers to overcome before she could become a transplant surgeon. The Journal of Pakistan Medical Association reported in 2016 that 69.6 percent of registered medical doctors were male. When she decided on the field, Sheikh knew it was rare for a female medical doctor to specialize in surgery, let alone abdominal transplantation.

“Transplant surgery in Pakistan is not easily accessible, and there are only a few established transplant centers,” Sheikh said. “It was such a privilege and honor to attend one of the finest medical schools in Pakistan and then complete the rest of my training in the United States.”

According to a recent study conducted by Aga Khan University Hospital, where Sheikh attended medical school, 72 percent of female surgeons in the AKUH Department of Surgery said cultural barriers to a surgical career existed because of their gender. Further, about 40 percent of the women report having been discouraged by family or close friends from pursuing surgery as a career field.

Not only did she face gender barriers, but Sheikh also had personal challenges. She simultaneously began her two-year fellowship while single-handedly caregiving for her 7-month-old daughter. At the time, her husband, current UAB Acute Care Surgery Fellow Zain Hashmi, M.D., was still finishing his general surgery residency at the Sinai Hospital of Baltimore.

“It was certainly difficult raising a child and completing my fellowship, but I had to remind myself of my ‘why,’” Sheikh said. “I chose UAB because of the potential for growth, mentorship and stability. Dr. Jayme Locke is an incredible role model for me. She was the only female faculty in transplant at UAB when she started here. I have been with the UAB Division of Transplantation for just over two years, and I feel like I am barely scratching the surface with how far I can go.”

As an only female child from a conservative family, Sheikh said she was lucky her parents permitted her to capitalize on the available opportunities and sent her off into the world to pursue her goal of becoming a transplant surgeon. Both her mother and father are retired physicians —her mother is an OBGYN, and her father practices family medicine.

“My parents were and continue to be supportive of my pursuing my dreams to become a transplant surgeon, even though they often received side comments from the community, doubting my career and life path,” Sheikh said. “When I first started out on this journey, it felt like a distant dream; but now here I am, living my dream every day.”

Comment

You need to be a member of PakAlumni Worldwide: The Global Social Network to add comments!

Join PakAlumni Worldwide: The Global Social Network

Pre-Paid Legal


Twitter Feed

    follow me on Twitter

    Sponsored Links

    South Asia Investor Review
    Investor Information Blog

    Haq's Musings
    Riaz Haq's Current Affairs Blog

    Please Bookmark This Page!




    Blog Posts

    Is Rapid Electrification Stimulating Pakistan's Economy?

    Pakistan's electricity demand has soared 21% in just two years. Rapid electrification is positively impacting all sectors of Pakistan's economy. thanks to growing deployment of distributed solar, estimated at 38 GW as of June, 2025. In 2025, 44% of solar deployment was residential, followed by industry (26%), agriculture (21%) and commercial users (9%). It is stimulating demand for a variety of products ranging from air conditioners and refrigerators to washing machines and…

    Continue

    Posted by Riaz Haq on July 13, 2026 at 5:09pm — 1 Comment

    Pakistan Needs to Address Its Significant Data Quality Challenges

    Policy-makers need data to formulate good policies. Good data produced by government agencies can be expected to lead to good policies and desirable outcomes. But data collection and statistical analyses require adequate methodologies and resources. Unfortunately, Pakistan's data quality gets a "C" grade by international agencies like the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Clearly the country faces significant data quality challenges.  These challenges range from estimation of the size…

    Continue

    Posted by Riaz Haq on July 7, 2026 at 9:30am — 8 Comments

    © 2026   Created by Riaz Haq.   Powered by

    Badges  |  Report an Issue  |  Terms of Service